Explain the mathematical foundations and generating functions of nonlinear feedback shift registers (NFSRs).

Characterize nonlinear recurring sequences and analyze their key properties.

Evaluate Boolean functions and their influence on the behavior of NFSRs.

Compute and interpret measures of linear and nonlinear complexity for sequence analysis.

Design and analyze methods for combining multiple NFSRs in stream cipher constructions.

Critically assess the design and security of stream ciphers based on NFSRs, with a focus on the GRAIN cipher.

Apply theoretical knowledge to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of NFSR-based stream ciphers.