This course aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the political, religious, and cultural developments in Islamic history, from pre-Islamic Arabia to the rise of key Islamic dynasties such as the Umayyads, Abbasids, Buwayhids, and Seljuks. By examining religious movements, social structures, and linguistic transformations, students will develop an understanding of the historical forces that shaped Islamic civilization. Special emphasis will be placed on the political and administrative systems of early Islamic empires and their contributions to the broader historical narrative.