The program will focus on the following themes. Each topic will be discussed in one or two lectures depending on its extent and relevance.

• Biogeochemical Carbon Cycle and Climate Change.
• Carbonate chemistry 1: ph, alkalinity, dissolved inorganic carbon: theoretical aspect and analytical methods
• Carbonate chemistry2: biological/physical/chemical processes altering carbonate system equilibrium, Revelle factor.
• Evidence of Ocean Acidification (OA). Present and past patterns
• Impacts on CaCO3 shell organisms: theoretical aspects, mesocosm and in vitro experiments
• Impacts of OA on microbes, phytoplankton and fish
• Combined impacts: effects on marine ecosystem
• Past, present and future of OA: biogeochemical models and Earth System models
• OA experiments: methods to manipulate carbonate system and living organisms

Socio-economic effects and mitigation strategies