-Students discuss the strength of the evidence in scientific understanding of biological phenomena.

-Students discuss the chemical basis of life.

-Students comprehend basic concepts in biology such as the diversity of living things, the flow of energy through sunlight to ATP, reproduction of cells, etc.

-Students comprehend the structure and function of diverse biological molecules including nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates and lipids.

-Students comprehend the maintenance of body fluid osmolality, hydrogen ion homeostasis, and buffering systems.

-Students understand the compartmentalization of cell and function of organelles in a cell.

-Students discuss the structure and functions of cell membranes and enzymes.

-Students discuss basic plant structures and explain their significance.

-Students can scientifically explain the molecular and physiological processes that constitute the daily life of plants in a deep and holistic perspective.