METU | Course Syllabus

To deepen students' understanding of the intellectual trends of the late Ottoman era and their evolution.
To provide a comparative framework for analyzing late Ottoman ideologies in relation to the Turkish Revolution.
To explore how Islamism, Turkism, and Westernism/Modernism adapted to political and social change.
To assess the continuity and rupture between late Ottoman thought and early Republican policies.
To encourage critical engagement with historical debates on modernization and national identity.