By the end of the course the students will have improved their understanding of primary source materials with a focus on the medieval Christian world (HIST 114 focuses on primary sources of the medieval Islamic world). They will be familiar with the following primary sources in English translation that have been excerpted from these works:

• Mensch, Pamela, trans. and James Romm, ed. Herodotus. Histories. Indianopolis, Indiana: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc., 2014.
• Noble, Thomas F.X. Einhard’s The Life of Charles, from Charlemagne and Louis the Pious. The Livds by Einhard, Notker, Ermoldus, Thegan, and the Astronomer. University Park, Penn.: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 2000, 1-16.
• Reuter, Timothy, trans. The Annals of Fulda. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1992.
• Dawes, Elizabeth A.S., tr. Anna Komnene. The Alexiad. Cambridge, Ontario: in paranthese Publications, 2000.
• Beneš, C.E. Jacopo da Varagine’s Chronicle of the City of Genoa. Manchester: Manchester Univeristy Press, 2020.